MercadoComum: Jornal on-line BH – Cultura – Economia – Política e Variedades

Dormir bem: por que é fundamental para a saúde?

Autor: Andrea Petrillo*

O sono tem uma função biológica essencial para o cérebro e o corpo. Ele atua na consolidação da memória, no equilíbrio emocional e na regulação hormonal. Dormir bem é uma das principais estratégias para o desenvolvimento cognitivo, a tomada de decisões eficaz e o controle emocional. 

Durante o sono, principalmente no estágio REM, o cérebro organiza as informações adquiridas durante o dia, consolidando memórias de longo prazo. Estudos mostram que a privação de sono reduz em 40% a capacidade do cérebro de reter novas informações, segundo o neurocientista Matthew Walker (autor de Por que Nós Dormimos). 

O sono também regula as emoções ao equilibrar o funcionamento da amígdala (área ligada ao processamento emocional) e o córtex pré-frontal (sistema cognitivo, responsável pelas funções executivas, como controle inibitório por exemplo). Com sono inadequado, a amígdala fica hiperativa, aumentando a reatividade emocional. Já o córtex pré-frontal perde eficiência, reduzindo o controle emocional e a tomada de decisões. 

É também durante o sono profundo que o sistema glinfático remove resíduos metabólicos tóxicos do cérebro, como a beta-amiloide, associada ao Alzheimer. Sem o sono adequado, essa “limpeza” é prejudicada. 

Para quem ainda não está convencido da importância de uma noite bem dormida, vale entender os riscos de uma vida sem sono adequado no curto, médio e longo prazo: 

Curto Prazo (1 a 7 dias):

* Redução da atenção e foco: a memória de trabalho é comprometida, impactando tarefas simples e complexas.

* Maior irritabilidade e impulsividade: a regulação emocional é prejudicada.

* Dificuldade na tomada de decisões: a capacidade analítica diminui.

* Queda de produtividade: o cansaço gera procrastinação e erros. 

Médio Prazo (Semanas a Meses):

* Aumento do estresse crônico: a falta de sono aumenta o cortisol, que gera tensão e prejudica o cérebro e a sua performance.

* Problemas de saúde mental: maior risco de ansiedade e depressão.

* Déficit cognitivo acumulado: prejuízo à memória e aprendizado contínuo.

* Imunidade enfraquecida: maior suscetibilidade a doenças virais e inflamatórias.

Longo Prazo (Anos):

* Risco cardiovascular: a privação crônica de sono aumenta em até 200% o risco de infarto e AVC.

* Declínio cognitivo e demência: o acúmulo de toxinas aumenta as chances de Alzheimer e outras demências.

* Obesidade e diabetes: a falta de sono desregula os hormônios grelina (fome) e leptina (saciedade), além de alterar a sensibilidade à insulina.

* Redução da expectativa de vida: estudos mostram que dormir menos de 6 horas por noite aumenta a mortalidade em 12%.

Por outro lado, noites de sono adequado propiciam diversos benefícios:

* Maior foco e criatividade: a capacidade de solução de problemas aumenta com um cérebro bem descansado.

* Tomada de decisões mais assertiva: o córtex pré-frontal funciona com eficiência máxima.

* Regulação emocional equilibrada: redução da reatividade emocional e aumento da empatia.

* Energia e disposição: melhor desempenho físico e mental ao longo do dia.

* Saúde mental fortalecida: redução do risco de burnout, ansiedade e depressão. 

Já se convenceu da importância de boas noites de sono? 

Que tal mudar seus hábitos e incorpora uma rotina que favoreça um sono reparador? Uma noite bem dormida hoje transforma seu amanhã! 

*Sócia e mentora da Santé. Engenheira formada pela Escola de Engenharia Mauá, tem MBA em Logística e Supply Chain pela FGV e pós-graduada em Neurociência pelo Einstein. É Practitioner pela Sociedade Brasileira de PNL.

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De acordo com estatísticas do Google Analytics Search a publicação MercadoComum obteve - de 03 de outubro de 2023 a 03 de novembro de 2024 – 38 milhões de visualizações no acumulado do período
De acordo com estatísticas do Google Analytics Search a publicação MercadoComum obteve – de 03 de outubro de 2023 a 03 de novembro de 2024 – 38 milhões de visualizações no acumulado do período

 

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